Introduction

Traditionally, survey radiography has been considered as the imaging modality for abdominal evaluation in small animals (SA); however, with the advent of computed tomography (CT), more and more studies are looking into comparative studies between CT and other diagnostic imaging modalities such as radiography and ultrasonography (US) for SA.

Objectives

The object of this research was to compare abdominal CT in the common marmoset with other diagnostic imaging modalities, such as radiography and US.

Methods

Eight clinically healthy, mature common marmosets ranging from 12 to 48 months and 235 to 365 g bodyweight were anesthetised and pre- and post-contrast CT were performed using different CT settings. In 3/8 common marmosets, radiography was performed at the same time and results were compared with prior radiographic and ultrasonographic results performed by the investigator. This study was approved by the University of Pretoria Ethics Committee.

Results

Radiography provided limited information because of generally poor serosal abdominal detail. On CT, contrast facilitated easier identification and better delineation of most abdominal organs and 3D reconstructions were helpful. On US, the same and much more information (including morphologic, dynamic and vascular) could be gained, enabling interventional procedures such as cystocentesis. Contrary to SA, both CT and radiography are done as whole body imaging with marmosets sedated or anesthetised.

Conclusions

Abdominal CT rendered additional information compared to abdominal radiography; however, ultrasound should be considered the screening modality of choice for abdominal imaging in the common marmoset with an experienced operator.