The Bush Dog (Speothos venaticus) is a South American canid described by Lund in 1942 and now is classified as in risk of extinction by IUCN (1990), remaining only 26 captive animals in Brazil. Their dental formula is different from other canids by the absence of the seconds upper molars (110 and 210) and of the third lower molars (311 and 411), presenting the following dental formula: 2x (3/3 1/1 4/4 1/2) = 38. Two females of Bush Dog were chemically restrained for several procedures, during which they were thoroughly examined, including the oral cavity. One of the females, with approximately 10 years of age, presented several oral illnesses with lesions that included: fractures with and without pulp exposure, tooth-version, gingival hyperplasia, periodontal pocket, furcation exposure, gingivitis and dental absence. The other animal, with approximately 5 years, presented dental fracture with pulp exposure of the left lower canine tooth. During restraint, it was not possible to accomplish the necessary treatment. However all of the information regarding the oral lesions was classified in specific clinical record (dental chart). Later on the animals were directed to the Laboratory of Comparative Dentistry, of the Veterinary School of the University of São Paulo, where the specific proceedings were accomplished, which included: periodontic, endodontic, exodontic and restorative dental treatments. One year later the animals are still clinically healthy and new restrains were not necessary. In the case of wild animals, the treatment options are more restricted, because the capacity of post-surgical attendance of the oral cavity is more limited. Therefore, it should be selected the therapy of longer trustiness, so that it can be avoided other handlings of the animals and new chemical restraints. Moreover, it is indispensable the accomplishment of clinical exam of the oral cavity wherever the animal be anesthetized for any purpose, in order to have early diagnostic of any related problem in the oral cavity.