Pet Smile Campaign in Poland--Promotion of Oral Hygiene and Survey of Oral Cavity in Polish Pets.
The Dental group of the Polish Small Animal Veterinary Association started to arrange the Pet Smile campaign in October 2002. Team consisted of Vets prepared materials for owners, instructions for the vets, posters, questionnaires and finally signed the agreement between PSAVA and IAMS. The team, with great logistic help from the sponsor, managed to recruit 730 practices in Poland to provide free dental check-ups. There were two editions of Pet Smile Campaign: in 2003 and 2004.
Materials and methods: Oral Check-ups were documented in the standardized questionnaires provided by Dental Working Group of PSAVA. Each animal was recorded in separate chart in which were included the following information: breed, age, sex of the patient and address of the owner. Apart from this, 5 other parameters appeared in the chart, and every of them was followed by collecting 0-1-2 points: 1. Nutrition ( home-made and soft food, dry food, mixed ) 2. Oral Prophylaxis (daily teeth brushing; other; none) 3. Lymph nodes status (normal, active, enlarged) 4. Dental deposits (clear, up to 50%, more than 50%) 5. Periodontal status. (health, gingivitis, periodontitis) In 2 years time over 38 776 valid charts were collected from 730 surgeries involved in PS Campaign.
Results: In 38776 evaluated animals 76,6% were the dogs (29702) and 23,4% cats (9074). The results are presented in tables 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 and 3.1, 3.2. Numerous other relations between different measured parameters in dogs and cats were found and will be mentioned and presented in further studies.
Table 1.1 Relation Oral hygiene/Oral health in cats
9074 CATS 23,4 % of surveyed population |
|
Oral hygiene |
Oral health |
No prophylaxis
6787 cats-74,8% |
Not regular
1878 cats-20,7% |
Daily teeth brushing
409 cats-4,5% |
n |
[%] |
n |
[%] |
n |
[%] |
No lymphadenopathy |
4731 |
69,7 |
1393 |
74,2 |
355 |
86,9 |
No dental deposits |
2043 |
30,1 |
716 |
38,1 |
243 |
59,5 |
No periodontopathy |
3794 |
55,9 |
1170 |
62,3 |
302 |
73,8 |
Table 1.2 Relation Oral hygiene/Oral health in dogs
29702 DOGS 76,6 % of surveyed population |
|
Oral hygiene |
Oral health |
No prophylaxis
17940 dogs-60,4% |
Not regular
10277 dogs-34,6% |
Daily teeth brushing
1485 dogs-5% |
n |
[%] |
n |
[%] |
n |
[%] |
No lymphadenopathy |
11948 |
66,6 |
7574 |
73,7 |
1253 |
84,4 |
No dental deposits |
4503 |
25,1 |
3104 |
30,2 |
789 |
53,1 |
No periodontopathy |
10567 |
58,9 |
6999 |
68,1 |
1188 |
80,0 |
Table 2.1 Relation Nutrition/Oral health in cats
9074 CATS 23,4 % of surveyed population |
|
Nutrition profile |
Oral health |
Home-made and soft food
808 cats-8,9% |
Mixed
5208 cats-57,4% |
Dry food
3058 cats-33,7% |
n |
[%] |
n |
[%] |
n |
[%] |
No lymphadenopathy |
343 |
42,4 |
3666 |
70,4 |
2471 |
80,8 |
No dental deposits |
115 |
14,2 |
1474 |
28,3 |
1407 |
46,0 |
No periodontopathy |
268 |
33,2 |
2870 |
55,1 |
2131 |
69,7 |
Table 2.2 Relation Nutrition/Oral health in dogs
29702 DOGS 76,6 % of surveyed population |
|
Nutrition profile |
Oral health |
Homemade and soft food
5881 dogs-19,8% |
Mixed
17138 dogs-57,7% |
Dry food
6683 dogs-22,5% |
n |
[%] |
n |
[%] |
n |
[%] |
No lymphadenopathy |
3223 |
54,8% |
12099 |
70,6% |
5473 |
81,9% |
No dental deposits |
1012 |
17,2% |
4422 |
25,8% |
2961 |
44,3% |
No periodontopathy |
2664 |
45,3% |
10900 |
63,6% |
5199 |
77,8% |
Oral health index (value created of the points collected in questionnaire) is strongly related with age of animal. Health oral cavity had 0 points, 6 points-very sick one. [Kruskal Wallis test, Table 3.1, 3.2]
Table 3.1 Relation Age/Oral health index in cats
Age of Cat |
Number of cats |
Rate % |
Medium Oral Health Index |
0-8 months |
181 |
2 |
0,122 |
8months-3 years |
2632 |
29 |
0,712 |
3 years-9 years |
4900 |
54 |
1,870 |
Over 9 years |
1361 |
15 |
3,148 |
General |
9074 |
100 |
1,686 |
Table 3.2 Relation Age/Oral health index in cats
Age of Dog |
Number of dogs |
Rate % |
Medium Oral Health Index |
0-8 months |
891 |
3 |
0,126 |
8months-3 years |
6237 |
21 |
0,615 |
3 years-9 years |
15148 |
51 |
1,684 |
Over 9 years |
7426 |
25 |
2,965 |
General |
29702 |
100 |
1,733 |
Conclusions
1. The level of oral prophylaxis in pets should be improved in Poland.
2. Daily teeth brushing is the best solution for periodontal problems.
3. Oral Health index is strongly related with age of animal
4. The number of pets fed with dry food is not high in Poland, however this profile of nutrition has significant positive influence at status of Oral health.