Introduction
Incidence of kidney disease is very high in cats. The relation between magnitude of azotemia and systemic oxidant status needs to be clarified in order to determine prognostic value.
Objectives
It is to be designated the systemic oxidant status to be effected azotemia levels in cats.
Methods
Fifty-nine cats at different ages and breeds with various clinical complaints such as weakness, decreased appetite, polydipsia were admitted to Veterinary Faculty Teaching and Research Hospital of Istanbul University and included in the current study. Plasma BUN, creatinine, total protein and albumin levels were determined colorimetrically on Mindray autoanalyzer. Whole blood analysis was also assessed on haemacounter analyser. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and lipid hydroperoxides (LHP) concentrations were analysed with colorimetric manual methods as oxidant parameters. According to azotemia levels, all cats were classified by IRIS staging system. The ages of all cats were also divided in four groups. Statistical analyses were done with one-way ANOVA, t-test and Spearman's correlation.
Results
Clinical chemistry parameters in cats according to azotemia stages are given in Table 1. There were significant differences among AOPP levels according to adjusted age groups. There were also significant differences in LHP values among stage I, II, and IV, respectively (Figure 1). There were negative correlation with LHP (r = -0.262; p < 0.05), albumin (r = -0.461; p < 0.05), and weight (r = -0.342; p < 0.01).
Table 1. Clinical chemistry parameters in cats according to azotemia stages
|
Clinical chemistry parameters
|
Stage I
|
Stage II
|
Stage III
|
Stage IV
|
p value
|
|
Total protein (g/dL)
|
70.92 ± 2.05
|
71.75 ± 4.77
|
73.76 ± 4.37
|
82.33 ± 3.24
|
NS
|
|
Albumin (g/dL)
|
28.00 ± 0.99
|
26.69 ± 0.87
|
25.09 ± 1.02
|
27.90 ± 1.24
|
NS
|
|
BUN (mg/dL)
|
48.80c ± 4.63
|
90.00c ± 10.70
|
171.24b ± 15.48
|
284.58a ± 34.64
|
***
|
|
Creatinine (mg/dL)
|
1.07c ± 0.07
|
2.03b,c ± 0.10
|
3.75b ± 0.13
|
9.89a ± 1.01
|
***
|
*** p < 0.001; NS: p > 0.05
a, b, c: Statistical differences among the means of azotemia groups lacking a common letter in the same line are significant.
| Figure 1. Lipid hydroperoxides (LHP) levels according to azotemia stages | 
a, b: Differences between the means of azotemia groups lacking a common letter are significant. |
|
| |
Conclusion
Our results demonstrated greater susceptibility to systemic oxidative stress in hyperazotemic cats with advancing age. Altered systemic redox homeostasis may be functional in progression of chronic kidney disorder.