Larry W. Junek
Humpback whale songs may be stored and analyzed on a computer using the
system described in this paper. The computer system consists of a Macintosh computer with an
audio signal digitizer, and software developed using HyperCard. Humpback whale songs may be
divided temporally into themes, phrases, subphrases, and ultimately into discrete vocalization
units. The entire song, which may last for hours, consist of a finite number of units repeated
at different times at the same or a different pitch. The computer may take advantage of this
repetition by encoding the entire song using relatively few individual units. Each unit is
digitized into a computer storage database and given a unique ID number. The song itself is
represented in the computer as a sequence of unit ID numbers, along with other information
needed to reproduce the song, such as pitch and duration. In this system, units must be
manually selected by a human operator using aural dictation techniques. Hence, a user friendly
interface was developed to aid the dictation process. The song may then be analyzed in a number
of ways. For example, a particular unit or sequence of units may be identified, or separate
songs (say, from successive years) may be compared to identify deviations. If an entire song
were digitized, it would take a very large amount of media storage, and analysis would be slow
and difficult.