Laparoscopy is an operative procedure designed for the visual inspection and biopsy of the peritoneal cavity and its organs. Direct laparoscopic visualization of intra-abdominal pathologies has advantages over the logical assumption of the same by radiography and ultrasonography. The aim of this study was to use this device for diagnosis of different intra-peritoneal disorders and standardize different sterilization techniques in dogs. Two cm (key-hole) skin incision was made to insert a 5-mm trocar within the abdomen through which a rigid telescope was introduced to visualize the interim of the abdominal cavity after establishing capnoperitoneum (10 mmHg Co₂). Sixty clinical cases involving peritoneal cavity were subjected to laparoscopic examination after routine clinical and biochemical examination. Intra-peritoneum pathologies includes intestinal torsion, intestinal intussusception, intestinal adhesion, intestinal impaction, mummified fetus, polycystic ovarian and uterine growth, persistent corpus luteum, spleenomegaly, splenic abscess, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatomegaly, liposarcoma of liver, bridging fibrosis of liver etc has been diagnosed by laparoscopic examination. Biopsy of the diseased organs taken using biopsy forceps wherever necessary followed with electro coagulation. Histopathological examination of biopsy specimens confirmed different pathological affections.

Three different sterilization techniques viz. bilateral oophorectomy, ovariohysterectomy by electrocautery and ovariohysterectomy by endoclipping and electrocautery were performed and evaluated in forty-five mongrel bitches, whereas, two different sterilization techniques viz. vasectomy and vasectomy along with occlusion of testicular vessels by endoclipping and electrocautery was also evaluated in twenty mongrel dogs.

The laparoscopic techniques applied are useful in the diagnosis of different internal pathology and for sterilization in dogs.