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Brucella Infections in Marine Mammals From Scottish Waters Brucella Infections
I.A.P. Patterson, MRCVS

A Disease in Captive Pygmy Hippopotamuses (Choeropsis liberiensis liberiensis) Anatomically Resembling Polycystic Kidney Disease Pygmy Hippopotamuses
James T. Raymond, DVM, MS, DACVP

A Harbor Seal Monster: Tumor or Twin?Harbor Seal Monster
Frances M.D. Gulland, VetMB, PhD, MRCVS

A Phytoremedial Device For Koi Ponds Phytoremedial Device
Julius M. Tepper, DVM

A Preliminary Study of the Immune System in Free-Ranging Southern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)Southern Sea Otters
Julie A. Schwartz, DVM, DACVP

A Review of Oleoresin Capsicum (Pepper) Sprays for Self-Defense Against Captive Wildlife Pepper Sprays
David S. Miller, MS, DVM

A Simple Method for Providing Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation to Etorphine-Immobilized Elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the Field Positive Pressure Ventilation
William A. Horne, DVM, PhD, DACVA

A Ten-Year History of Sturgeon Diagnostic Cases Sturgeon Diagnostic Cases
RuthEllen C. Klinger, MS

Addison's Disease in a Gray Seal (Halichoerus grypus)Addison's Disease
Cynthia E. Stringfield, DVM

An Epizootic of Sudden Death in Tammar Wallabies (Macropus eugenii)Epizootic of Sudden Death
Karrie A. Rose, DVM, DVSc

An Overview of Ionizing Irradiation Technology for Pathogen Control in Fishery Feed Products for Marine Mammals Ionizing Irradiation Technology
Marilyn B. Kilgen, PhD

Anatomy of Current and Potential Blood Sampling Sites in the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)Blood Sampling Sites
S. Brad Dawson

Application of a Positive Pressure Contrast Technique in Northern Pintails (Anas acuta) to Enhance Radiographic Diagnostic Capability Positive Pressure Contrast
Johanna Sherrill, DVM, MS

Behavioral Effects of Environment Enrichment in Captive Margays (Leopardus wiedii) and Tigrinas (Leopardus tigrinus) Environment Enrichment
Rosana N. Morais, DVM, PhD , Cleide L.S. Oliveira, BS

Bilateral Phacoaspiration in Two Greater Sulphur-Crested Cockatoos (Cacatua galerita)Bilateral Phacoaspiration
Clayton F. Hellner Jr, DVM

Bilateral Total Hip Replacement in a Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) with Bilateral Hip Dysplasia Bilateral Hip Replacement
Wm. Kirk Suedmeyer, DVM

Biomedical Survey of Giant Pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Captivity in China: 1998-2000 Giant Pandas
Donald L. Janssen

Blood Gas Analysis in Bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus) and Eland (Tragelaphus oryx) Antelope Blood Gas Analysis
Ellen H. Boyd, DVM

Blood Sampling Techniques In Penguins Blood Sampling Techniques
Sharon P. Redrobe, BSc, BvetMed, CertLAS, MRCVS

Bone Scintigraphy and Computed Tomography: Advanced Diagnostic Imaging Techniques in Endangered Sea Turtles Bone Scintigraphy
Cynthia R. Smith, DVM

Butorphanol And Butorphanol/Diazepam Administration For Analgesia And Sedation Of Harbor Seals (Phoca Vitulina)Butorphanol in Harbor Seals
Pamela A. Tuomi, DVM

Caliciviral Infection in a Captive California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)Caliciviral Infection
Lee A. Young, DVM , Patrick J. Morris, DVM, DACZM

Can Blind Monk Seals Help Us See?Blind Monk Seals
Myra T. Blanchard, MS, MT

Cardiomyopathy in Captive African Hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris)Cardiomyopathy
Michael M. Garner, DVM, DACVP , James T. Raymond, DVM, MS, DACVP

Cardiopulmonary and Anesthetic Effects of Propofol in Red-Tailed Hawks (Buteo jamaicensis)Effects of Propofol
Michelle G. Hawkins, VMD

Cardiopulmonary Effects of Medetomidine and Ketamine in the Gopher Tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus)Medetomidine & Ketamine
Patricia M. Dennis, MSL, DVM, BS

Cardiovascular Response Of Domestic Ferrets (Mustela Putorius Furo) To Medetomidine Addition Cardiovascular Response
James S. Gaynor

Case Report of a Non-Infectious Degenerative Myopathy in Captive-Bred Clownfish (Amphibrion clarkii)Degenerative Myopathy
Allen C. Riggs, DVM, MS

Changes in Plasma Testosterone and Aggressive Behavior in Male Green Iguanas (Iguana iguana) Following Orchidectomy Plasma Testosterone
Brad A. Lock, DVM

Changes in TGF-ß Mrna Expression Following Experimental Infection with Mycobacterium marinum in Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis Spp.) and Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis)TGF-B mRNA Expression
K. E. Howard, DVM

Characterization and Comparison of Five Isolates of Erysipelothrix From Several Marine Mammal Sources Erysipelothrix
Robert C. Osgood, MS

Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies to California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus) Immunoglobulin Molecules Monoclonal Antibodies
Michelle C. Hure, BS

Chemical Immobilization of Takin (Budorcas taxicolor) at the San Diego Zoo Immobilization of Takin
Lee A. Young, DVM , Patrick J. Morris, DVM, DACZM

Chemical Restraint and Anesthesia in White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) for Reproductive Evaluation, Semen Collection and Artificial Insemination White Rhinoceros
Christian Walzer, Dr. med. vet

Chemical Restraint and Surgical Removal of a Perineal Mass from a Nile Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius)Perineal Mass from Hippo
Genevieve A. Dumonceaux, DVM

Chronic Hyperadrenocorticalism in a Female Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla Gorilla)Hyperadrenocorticolism
Ray L. Ball, DVM

Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis in a Ruffed Lemur (Varecia variegata variegata)Osteomyelitis in Lemur
Kay A. Backues, DVM

Chytridiomycosis in Wild Frogs in New Zealand Chytridiomycosis
Richard J. de B. Norman, BVSc, MVS, MACVSc, MRCVS , Bruce Waldman, PhD

Circovirus in Lories and Lorikeets Circovirus: Lories & Lorikeets
Holly H. Reed, DVM

Circulating Levels of Cortisol and Aldosterone in the Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus): A Comparative Look at Display Animals Cortisol & Aldosterone
Christopher Dold, BS

Clinical Approach to Suspected Immunologic Abnormalities in Marine Mammals Immunologic Abnormalities
Brian M. Aldridge, PhD, DACVIM, MRCVS

Clinical Aspects of West Nile Virus Infection in a Zoological Collection West Nile Virus Infection
Paul P. Calle, VMD, DACZM

Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reference Anatomy of Tursiops truncatus MRI Reference Anatomy
William G. Van Bonn, DVM

Comparison of the Antiphospholipid Syndrome to Medical Syndromes of Captive Black Rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis) Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Matthew Morrow, MS, MT (ASCP) , Ray L. Ball, DVM

Comparison of Transabdominal, Transvaginal, and Transrectal Ultrasound Examinations of Seven Female Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)Ultrasound Examinations
Paul P. Calle, VMD, DACZM

Comparison of White Blood Cell Counts in Cold-Stunned and Subsequently Rehabilitated Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta)White Blood Cell Counts
Cynthia R. Smith, DVM

Conservation Medicine and Ecosystem Health Across Borders: From the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil to the African Savanna Conservation Medicine
A. Alonso Aguirre, DVM, MS, PhD , James Else, DVM, MS, MPVM

Considerations for Laparoscopy in Megavertebrates Laparoscopy in Megavertebrates
Rolfe M. Radcliffe, DVM

Contact Animal Health Issues Animal Health Issues
Robyn Barbiers, DVM , Ann Manharth, DVM

Crassicaudiosis in the Cook Inlet Compared to Other Stocks of Alaskan Beluga Whales (Delphinapterus leucas)Crassicaudiosis
Kathy A. Burek, DVM, MS, DACVP

Cultural Awareness: A Vital Component of Foreign Training Programs Cultural Awareness
Erin E. McNulty, DVM

Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia in Nulliparous Asian Elephants (Elaphus maximus)Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia
Dalen W. Agnew, DVM

Design Considerations For Necropsy Facilities: A Clinician's Perspective Necropsy Facilities
Scott B. Citino, DVM, DACZM

Designing Oil Spill Response Facilities For Multiple Uses: Lessons Learned Oil Spill Response Facilities
Jonna Mazet

Detection of Aeromonas salmonicida in Koi (Cyprinus carpio) Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - Based Assay Aeromonas salmonicida
Anna L. Ogburn

Detection of Aerosolized Fluorescent Microspheres in the Lung Parenchyma and Air Sacs of Pigeons (Columbia livia domestica)Fluorescent Microspheres
Lisa A. Tell, DVM

Determining the Human Diseases Transmissible to the Great Apes of Western Uganda Human Diseases
Matthew B. Rooney, BA, DVM , Jonathan M. Sleeman, MA, VetMB, MRCVS

Development and Validation of a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Assay to Detect Leptospiruria in California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus)PCR Assay
George Ghneim, DVM

Development of a Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Assay for the Detection and Differentiation of Canine and Phocine Distemper Viruses Canine/Phocine Distemper Viruses
James B. Stanton

Development Of Zoological Medicine In South East Asia: The Thailand Model Development of Zoo Medicine
Michael K. Stoskopf, DVM, PhD

Developments in Diagnosis of Diplomonad Flagellate Infections: Spironucleus, Hexamita and BrugerolleiaDiplomonad Flagellate Infections
Sarah L. Poynton, BSc, PhD

Diagnosis of Candidiasis in Marine Mammals: Utilization of a Scrape and Agar Technique for Epithelial Infections Candidiasis in Marine Mammals
Michael T. Walsh, DVM , Sandy Kruger

Diseases of the Leafy Seadragon (Phycodurus eques) and Weedy Seadragon (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus): The Experiences of Four Institutions Diseases of Seadragons
Sonia L. Mumford, DVM

Disseminated (Multicentric) T-Cell Lymphosarcoma in an Asian Water Dragon (Physignathus concinnus)T-Cell Lymphosarcoma
Colette L. Wheler, DVM, MVetSc, MRCVS, DABVP

Distal Femoral Fracture Repair with a Modified Cobra Head Plate in a Roan Antelope (Hippotragus Equinus)Distal Femoral Fracture
J. Jill Heatley, DVM

Effect of Dietary Vitamins A and E on Whole Body and Liver Vitamin Concentrations in Rainbow Trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss)Dietary Vitamins A & E
Ellen S. Dierenfeld, PhD, CNS

Efficacy of a Commercial Canine Distemper Vaccine in the Domestic Ferret (Mustela putorius): Survival, PCR, and Serologic Evidence Canine Distemper Vaccine
Jeffrey Wimsatt, DVM, PhD

Eight Cases of Inclusion Body Disease in Captive Palm Vipers (Bothriechis marchi)Inclusion Body Disease
Michael M. Garner, DVM, DACVP

ELISA Antibody Test, PCR and a DNA Vaccine for Use with Avian Malaria in African Penguins ELISA Antibody Test
Michael R. Cranfield, DVM

Endoscopy Assisted Retrieval Tools: Creative Solutions to Challenging Cases Retrieval Tools
SFC William I. Applegate

Entanglements in the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris): A Case Report of Amputation Following Multiple Surgeries in a Pregnant Female Entanglements
Magdalena M. Dougherty, DVM

Environmental and Molecular Epidemiologic Study of Melioidosis at an Oceanarium In Hong Kong Epidemiologic Study of Melioidosis
Reimi E. Kinoshita, BVMS

Environmental Aspects of Corneal Opacities in Captive South African Fur Seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) Corneal Opacities
Stéphane Lair, DMV, DVSc, DACZM

Environmental Challenges and the Immune System: Implications for Cetaceans Environmental Challenges
Tracy A. Romano, BS, PhD

Epizootic in Bottlenose Dolphins in the Florida Panhandle: 1999-2000 Epizootic in Dolphins
Blair Mase

Evaluation of Serum GGT Activity in Neonates as an Indicator of Passive Immunoglobulin Transfer in Exotic Hoofstock Species Serum GGT Activity
Scott B. Citino, DVM, DACZM , Christine V. Fiorello, DVM

Evaluation Of The Anesthetic Effects Of Eugenol With Varying Ratios Of Eugenol To Ethanol In Killifish (Fundulus Heteroclitus)Effects of Eugenol
Jennifer M. Gemma

Evaluation of the Digestive Gland in Disease and Health From the Common Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis)Digestive Gland
Joseph M. Scimeca, Jr, DVM, PhD

Evaluation of the Humoral Immune Response to DNA Vaccination in Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus)DNA Vaccination
Tracey B. Schock

Evidence for Acquired Iron Overload in Captive Tapirs (Tapirus Spp.)Acquired Iron Overload
Donald E. Paglia, MD

Experimental Inoculation of a Mycoplasma Sp. in Broad-Nosed Caiman (Caiman latirostris) and Siamese Crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis)Mycoplasma
Geoffrey W. Pye, BVSc, MSc

Experimental Transmission and Treatment of Cutaneous Chytridiomycosis in Poison Dart Frogs (Dendrobates auratus and Dendrobates tinctorius)Cutaneous Chytridiomycosis
Donald K. Nichols, DVM

Factors Influencing the Parasite Status of Gorilla Subspecies (Gorilla beringei graueri, Gorilla beringei beringei, Gorilla gorilla gorilla): A Plea for a Multidisciplinary Approach in Conservation Medicine Gorilla Parasite Status
U. Eilenberger, Dr. vet med.

Fatal Blastomycosis in Two Captive Sea Lions Fatal Blastomycosis
Michael M. Garner, DVM, DACVP

Fish for the Future: The Status of Our Marine Fish Populations Fish for the Future
Kimberly S. Davis

Fusariomycosis, Atypical Mycobacterial Pyogranulomatous Panniculitis, and Fatal Aortic Rupture in a White Whale (Delphinapterus leucas)Fusariomycosis
J. Lawrence Dunn, VMD

Gastritis in Captive Cheetahs: Helicobacter or Host Immune Response Gastritis in Cheetahs
K. A. Terio, DVM

General Considerations for Determining the Epidemiology and Control of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Wild Gastrointestinal Nematodes
T. M. Craig, DVM, PhD

Glomerulonephritis and Cardiovascular Disease in the Pygmy Marmoset (Callithrix pygmaea)Glomerulonephritis
Luis R. Padilla, DVM

Guidelines for Handling Fish Handling Fish
Susan D. Crissey, PhD , Kerri A. Slifka, MS

Health Assessment of Antarctic Pack Ice Seals Antarctic Pack Ice Seals
Pamela K. Yochem, MS, DVM , Brent S. Stewart, PhD

Hematologic and Serum Biochemical Reference Ranges and a Serologic Survey in Southern (Enhydra lutris nereis) and Northern (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) Sea Otters Reference Ranges
Krista D. Hanni, MS

Hematology, Serum Chemistry, Blood Coagulation Profiles, and Serology of Physically Restrained Captive Reticulated Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis)Captive Reticulated Giraffe
Ray L. Ball, DVM

Hemochromatosis in Captive Otarids Hemochromatosis
Alejandro R. Garcia, DVM

Histologic Evaluation of the Tissue Reaction to Five Suture Materials in the Body Wall of Koi (Cyprinus carpio)Suture Materials
Charles Hurty

Hormonal Evaluation in Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) by Squamous Epithelial Cell Types Hormonal Evaluation
Luciana Batalha de Miranda, DVM, MSc , Eunice Oba, DVM, MSc, PhD

Humane Euthanasia Of Stranded Marine Mammals Humane Euthanasia
Teri K. Rowles, Leah L. Greer

Hypokalemia-Induced Polymyopathy in an African Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus)Polymyopathy
Douglas P. Whiteside, DVM

Identification of the Serotypes of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Strains Isolated From Different Cetacean Species Erysipelothrix Serotypes
Geraldine Lacave, DVM

Immobilization of Wild Animals: Both the Two-Legged and Four-Legged Types Wild Animal Immobilization
Theodore H. Stanley, MD

Immune System Monitoring as a Health Assessment Technique for Marine Mammals Immune System Monitoring
Jeffrey L. Stott, PhD

Immunoblastic Leukemia In An Iguana (Iguana Iguana)Immunoblastic Leukemia In
Debra L. Miller, DVM, PhD

Immunologic Characterization of Skin From the Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)Immunologic Characterization
Tanja S. Zabka

Infertility Observed in Wild Bonnethead Sharks (Sphyrna tiburo) May be Due to Anthropogenic Effects Infertility
Charles A. Manire

Innovations in Training: Woodland Park Zoo Collaboration with the Indonesian Veterinary Association Innovations in Training
Darin Collins, DVM

Investigation of a Stranded Minke Whale (Balaenoptera acutorostra) in the Chesapeake Bay Stranded Minke Whale
Cindy P. Driscoll, DVM

Iridoviruses in Florida Fisheries Iridoviruses in Florida Fisheries
Ruth Francis-Floyd, DVM, MS, DACZM

Isolation and Characterization of Helicobacter Sp. From the Gastric Mucosa of Dolphins Helicobacter from Gastric Mucosa
Claudia M.G. Harper, DVM

Johne's Disease and Captive Non-Domestic Hoofstock: Prevalence and Prevention Johne's Disease
Michael Ziccardi, DVM, MPVM , Elizabeth Manning, MPH, MBA, DVM

Johne's Disease Management Concerns for Exotic Animal Collections: Case Examples Johne's Disease
Michael S. Burton, VMD

Lack of Isoflurane-Sparing Effect of Butorphanol in Field Anesthesia of Harlequin Ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus)Isoflurane-Sparing Effect
Daniel M. Mulcahy, PhD, DVM, DACZM

Lessons Learned From the West Nile Virus Outbreak of 1999: A Pathologist's Perspective Lessons Learned
Tracey McNamara, DVM, DACVP

Long-Acting Deslorelin Implants to Control Aggression in Male Lion-Tailed Macaques (Macaca silenus)Deslorelin Implants
Terry M. Norton, DVM, DACZM

Lysosomal Storage Disease in Costa's Hummingbirds (Calypte costae)Lysosomal Storage Disease
Jeffry S. Proudfoot, DVM

Macaw Conservation in Bolivia: The Role of the Santa Cruz Municipal Zoo Macaw Conservation
Jonathan M. Sleeman, MA, VetMB, MRCVS

Management and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets in Captive-Born Juvenile Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets
Randall E. Junge, MS, DVM, DACZM

Management of Bilateral Compound Metatarsal Fractures in a Male Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)Metatarsal Fractures
Genevieve A. Dumonceaux, DVM

Maxillary Sinus Fracture in a Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis): Diagnostic Imaging and Computed Tomography References Maxillary Sinus Fracture
Ray L. Ball, DVM

Medetomidine, Ketamine, and Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta)Medetomidine, Ketamine
Elizabeth J. Chittick, DVM

Medetomidine/Tiletamine-Zolazepam and Medetomidine/ Butorphanol/Tiletamine-Zolazepam: A Comparison of Two Anesthetic Regimens for Surgical Implantation of Intraperitoneal Radiotransmitters in Free-Ranging Juvenile European Wild Boars (Sus scrofa scrofa)Medetomidine/Tiletamine-
Kitty E. Enqvist, DVM

Medical and Behavioral Management of Chronic Regurgitation in a Pacific Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens)Chronic Regurgitation
Laurie J. Gage, DVM

Medical Aspects in Przewalski Horse (Equus przewalskii) Reintroduction to the Dzungarian Gobi, Mongolia Przewalski Horse
Christian Walzer, Dr. med. vet

Medical Implications of Hypothermia in Threatened Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and Endangered Kemp's Ridley (Lepidochelys kempi) and Green (Chelonia mydas) Sea Turtles Hypothermia in Sea Turtles
Beth S. Turnbull, DVM, PhD

Medical Management of Captive Grouper Species (Serranidae)Captive Grouper Species
Mark D. Stetter, DVM, DACZM

Midazolam, Butorphanol, Ketamine, and Isoflurane Combination Anesthesia of Ostriches (Struthio camelus)Midazolam, Butorphanol
Pamela D. Govett, DVM , James E. Bailey, DVM, MS, DACVA

Modification of a Large Marine Mammal Restraint Cage to Control Body Temperature Restraint Cage
Pamela A. Tuomi, DVM

Molecular Analysis of Stress-Activated Proteins and Genes in Dolphins and Whales: A New Technique for Monitoring Environmental Stress Stress-Activated Proteins
Sarka Southern, PhD

Morbilliviral Dermatitis in Seals Morbilliviral Dermatitis
Thomas P. Lipscomb, DVM, DACVP

Morphologic and Cytochemical Staining and Ultrastructural Characteristics of Rhinoceros (Cyclura conutus) and Green Iguana (Iguana iguana) Leukocytes Morphologic & Cytochemical Staining
Gabriela Fuentes, DVM

Multi-Species Leptospirosis in an Urban Zoo: Exhibit Modification Impact on a Wildlife Point Source Multi-Species Leptospirosis
Thomas P. Alvarado, DVM, MS , Kathryn C. Gamble, DVM, MS, DACZM

Myocardial Failure in a Two-Toed Sloth (Choloepus didactulus)Myocardial Failure
Patti S. Snyder, DVM, MS, DACVIM , Stuart Ray Rosenburg, DVM

Normal Hoof Angles and Other Parameters of Selected African Ungulates Normal Hoof Angles
Michael M. Ng'ang'a, BSc , Thomas W. deMaar, DVM

Otitis Interna in a Bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus)Otitis Interna in Bongo
Patricia M. Dennis, MSL, DVM, BS

Out Of Africa: Cooperative Efforts In Wildlife Health Out of Africa
David A. Jessup, DVM, MPVM, DACZM

Oyster Innate Immunity Oyster Innate Immunity
Michael J. Goedken, DVM , Sylvain De Guise, DMV, MSc, PhD

Ozonation Effects on the Speciation of Dissolved Iodine in Artificial Seawater at the National Aquarium in Baltimore Ozonation Effects
Johanna Sherrill, DVM, MS

Paramyxovirus Infections in Wild-Caught Xenosaurus and Abronia Spp.Paramyxovirus Infections
Rachel E. Marschang, DVM

Parasites Involved In The Mortality Of A Juvenile Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) Stranded Along The Northern California Coast Juvenile Gray Whale
Murray D. Dailey, PhD

Pathology of the Avian Embryo: What Veterinarians Need to Know About Pathology as a Disease Surveillance Tool for Avian Captive Propagation Programs Pathology of Avian Embryo
Bruce A. Rideout, DVM, PhD , Cyndi M. Kuehler, MS

PB and J: Gelly Was Never Like This Gelly Was Never Like This
Mark Griffin, PhD , William C. Sadler, PhD

Persistent Right Aortic Arch with Megaesophagus in an Adult Llama (Llama glama)Right Aortic Arch
Ray L. Ball, DVM

Pharmacokinetics of Ceftiofur Sodium Following Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Injection in the Common Green Iguana (Iguana iguana)Ceftiofur Sodium
Keith G. Benson, DVM

Pinniped Immunogenetics: Characterization of Class I MHC Genes in Pacific Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) and California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus)Pinniped Immunogenetics
Brian M. Aldridge, PhD, DACVIM, MRCVS

Post-Anesthetic Hypoxemia In Freshwater Fish Post-Anesthetic Hypoxemia
Elizabeth J. Chittick, DVM

Preliminary Evaluation of Risks and Benefits of a Comprehensive Preventive Health Program at Disney's Preventive Health Program
Michele Miller, DVM, PhD

Preliminary Findings Related to Health Assessment Parameters for White Perch (Morone americana) From Chesapeake Bay Tributaries Health Assessment Parameters
Christine L. Densmore, DVM, PhD

Preliminary Investigations into Ovulation Manipulation Techniques in Delphinids Ovulation Manipulation
Todd R. Robeck, BS, DVM, PhD

Presumptive Volatile Organic Compound Intoxication Of Sharks And Teleost Fish In A Newly Constructed Aquarium: Why Fish And Paint Fumes Just Don't Mix VOC Intoxication
James M. Rasmussen

Primary Lipid Keratopathy in Amphibians and Reptiles Primary Lipid Keratopathy
Cathy M. Shilton, BSc, DVM

Protozoal Brain Infections in Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) and Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) in California: An Update Protozoal Brain Infections
Melissa A. Chechowitz, DVM, MS

Protozoan And Helminth Infections Of Marine Mammals: Recognized And Emerging Diseases?Protozoan/Helminth Infections
Lena N. Measures

Public Viewing Areas In Zoo Hospitals: A Great Opportunity For Public Education Public Viewing Areas
Mark D. Stetter, DVM, DACZM

Purification of Immunoglobulin Isotypes G, A, and M from the Serum of the Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus)Purification of IgG, IgA, IgM
Jennifer A. Colvocoresses, BS

Regional Digital Intravenous Perfusion In An African Elephant (Loxodonta Africana)Intravenous Perfusion
Lucy Spelman

Response of Harlequin Ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) to Fabric Collars on Percutaneous Antennas Used With Abdominal Radio Transmitters Percutaneous Antennas
Daniel M. Mulcahy, PhD, DVM, DACZM

Role Playing As A Teaching Tool In Wildlife Curricula Role Playing
Jerry C. Haigh

Salmonellosis and Subsequent Abortion in Two African Elephants (Loxodonta africanus)Salmonellosis
Colleen E. Kinzley, Karen A. Emanuelson, DVM

San Juan De Aragon, México: The Challenge Of Relocating An Entire Zoo Relocating Entire Zoo
Roberto F. Aguilar, DVM , Carlos Sánchez Domínguez, MVZ, MSc

Sandtiger Shark (Carcharius taurus) Scoliosis Data and Sample Collection Guidelines Sandtiger Shark Scoliosis
Michael T. Walsh, DVM , Ilze K. Berzins, PhD, DVM

Seasonal Testosterone Secretion in Male White Whales (Delphinapterus leucas)Seasonal Testosterone
Paul P. Calle, VMD, DACZM

Serologic Survey of the Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) From Southeast Florida Serologic Survey
Julia Zaias, DVM

Serosurvey for Viral Infections in Endangered Captive Asiatic Lions (Panthera leo persica) and Sympatric Nondomestic and Domestic Carnivores from Western India Viral Infections
R. Anand

Several Osteomyelitis Cases in Pinnipeds Osteomyelitis Cases
Geraldine Lacave, DVM

Skin Pathology, Possibly Caused by Pox Virus, Leading to Severe Health Problems in Harbor Porpoises from European Waters Skin Pathology
Niels van Elk

Standing Sedation and Tranquilization in Captive African Elephants (Loxodonta africana)Standing Sedation
Ed Ramsay, DVM, DACZM

Subcutaneous Taenia Crassiceps Cysticercosis in a Red Ruffed Lemur (Varecia variegata rubra)Subcutaneous Cysticercosis
Lee A. Young, DVM

Subcutaneous Pyelograms (SCP) as an Early Diagnostic Technique for Urolithiasis in Asian Short-Clawed Otters (Aonyx cinerea)Subcutaneous Pyelograms
Mark Lloyd, DVM

Subtotal Colectomy in a Tiger (Panthera tigris)Colectomy in Tiger
Stephen H. Hart

Sumatra's Elephant Training Centers: A Call for Assistance Elephant Training Centers
Susan K. Mikota, DVM

Surgical Diagnosis and Management of a Full-Term Ectopic Pregnancy in a Gerenuk (Littocranius walleri walleri)Ectopic Pregnancy
Scott B. Citino, DVM, DACZM , Kelly E. Helmick, DVM, MS

Surgical Lengthening of the Mandible of a Bactrian Camel by Distraction Osteogenesis Lengthening of Mandible
Graham Crawshaw, BVetMed, DACZM

Susceptibility of Four Developmental Cell Lines From the Beluga Whale (Delphinapterus leucas) and the Pantropical Spotted Dolphin (Stenella attenuata) to Seal Herpes Virus and a Range of Mammalian Viruses From Several Families Seal Herpes Virus
Bobby L. Middlebrooks, PhD

Systemic Mycosis Caused By Scedosporium apiospermum in a Stranded Northern Elephant Seal (Mirounga angustirostris)Systemic Mycosis
Martin Haulena, DVM, MS

The Decline of the Southern Sea Otter (Enhyrda lutris nereis): Is It an Indicator of Contaminant and Pathogen Pollution, Anthropogenic Interference, and Declining Marine Ecosystem Health?Decline of Sea Otter
David A. Jessup, DVM, MPVM, DACZM

The Effect of Endoscopic Salpingohysterectomy in Juvenile Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) on Ovulation: A Preliminary Report Salpingohysterectomy
Geoffrey W. Pye, BVSc, MSc

The Effect of Melatonin on the Immune Response of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)Effect of Melatonin
Ernest Scott Weber, MS, VMD

The Histopathology of the Alarm Reaction in Dolphins Alarm Reaction in Dolphins
Daniel F. Cowan, MD, CM

The Institutional Implications of West Nile Virus West Nile Virus
Robert A. Cook, VMD

The Relationship Between Milk Composition and Reproductive Status in Bottlenose Dolphins Milk Composition
Kristi West, MS

The Relationship Of Fungal Spore Loads To Air-Handler Design In Avian Exhibits Fungal Spore Loads
Michael J. Dykstra

The Role of Veterinary Medicine in an Ecologic Study of Baird's Tapir (Tapirus bairdii) in Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica Role of Veterinary Medicine
Sonia H. Foerster, DVM

The Thrill of Victory and the Agony of Defeat: Implanted Transmitters in Sea Ducks and Seabirds in Alaska Thrill of Victory
Daniel M. Mulcahy, PhD, DVM, DACZM

The Wildlife Capture Course: A Structured Approach to Training Wildlife Professionals in Zimbabwe Wildlife Capture Course
Mark W. Atkinson, BVSc , Michael D. Kock, B Vet Med, MPVM

Thermography Evaluation of Trunk Paralysis in an Asian Elephant (Elaphus maximus) Using Digital Thermography Trunk Paralysis
Ramiro Isaza, DVM, MS, DACZM , Gregory J. Fleming, DVM

Thoraco-Lumbar Fracture Dislocation Repair in a Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) Presented with a Propeller Wound Fracture Dislocation Repair
Magdalena M. Dougherty, DVM , Gregory D. Bossart, DVM, PhD, VMD

Three Sarcomas in Free-Ranging Alaskan Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris)Sarcomas in Sea Otters
Kathy A. Burek, DVM, MS, DACVP

Translocation of a Large Flock of American Flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber ruber) and Comparisons of Hematology and Plasma Biochemical Values with a Semi-Free Ranging Population Translocation of Flamingos
Mary Randle Port, CVT , Ray L. Ball, DVM

Trauma-Induced Periosteal Bone Cysts in Psittacine Species Periosteal Bone Cysts
Thomas N, Tully, Jr, DVM, MS, DABVP

Treatment Of A Cutaneous, Subcutaneous Apophysomyces Elegans, A Mucormycotic Fungi, Infection In A Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus) With The New Antifungal Agent, Nyotran®Apophysomyces
Leslie M. Dalton, BA, DVM , Todd R. Robeck, BS, DVM, PhD

Treatment Of A Functional Scoliosis In A Stranded Common Dolphin (Delphinus Delphis)Functional Scoliosis
Howard L. Rhinehart, CVT

Treatment of Epidermal Cysts Associated with Aspergillus fumigatus and an Alternaria Sp. in a Silky Bantam Chicken (Gallus gallus)Epidermal Cysts
Wm. Kirk Suedmeyer, DVM

Treatment of Suspected Plasmodium Infection in Star Tortoises (Geochelone elegans) Plasmodium Infection
Sharon P. Redrobe, BSc, BvetMed, CertLAS, MRCVS

Tropical Travel Survival for the Zoo/Wildlife Veterinarian Tropical Travel Survival
Thomas W. deMaar, DVM , Edmund W. deMaar, MD, PhD

Tuberculosis in Zoo Ungulates: Survey Results and Surveillance Plan Tuberculosis in Ungulates
Michael Ziccardi, DVM, MPVM

Two Novel Alpha Herpes Viruses Associated with Fatal Disseminated Infections in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)Alpha Herpes Viruses
Terrell W. Blanchard, DVM, DACVP

Ultrasonographic Gender Determination in the Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula)Gender Determination
Joanne Paul-Murphy, DVM, DACZM

Ultrasonographic Imaging of the Intratarsal Joint of Cranes Intratarsal Joint
Kathleen A. Linn, DVM, MS, DACVS

Ultrasound Evaluation of the Reproductive Tract of Three Female Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) Reproductive Tract
Ray L. Ball, DVM

Unusual Clinicopathologic Findings of Chronic Colitis Associated with Anemia, Myopathy and Steatitis in a Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)Chronic Colitis
Carles Juan-Sallé, DVM

Unusual Intra-Abdominal Encapsulated Foreign Body in a Wild Female King Eider (Somateria spectabilis) Unusual Foreign Body
Pamela A. Tuomi, DVM

Use Of 9,10 Anthraquinone, Flight Control, To Deter Canada Geese (Branta Canadensis) From Zoo Grounds Deter Canada Geese
Wm. Kirk Suedmeyer, DVM , Dan McMurtry

Use of a Mouse Model to Determine the Specificity of an Elisa Assay Designed to Detect Antibodies Against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in Cetaceans Use of a Mouse Model
John C. Jones, BS

Use of Dorsal Cervical Single Pedicle Advancement Flaps in Birds with Cranial Skin Defects Advancement Flaps in Birds
Edward J. Gentz, MS, DVM, DACZM , Kathleen A. Linn, DVM, MS, DACVS

Use Of Hydraulically Driven False Pool Floors As An Aid In Restraint And Therapy In Marine Mammals False Pool Floors
Michael T. Walsh, DVM

Use of Naloxone to Reverse Carfentanil Citrate-Induced Hypoxemia and Cardiopulmonary Depression in Rocky Mountain Wapiti (Cervus elaphus nelsoni)Use of Naloxone
Anneke Moresco, DVM, MS

Use of Oral Detomidine and Ketamine for Anesthetic Induction in Nonhuman Primates Detomidine & Ketamine
Michele Miller, DVM, PhD

Use of Zuclopenthixol Acetate to Decrease Handling Stress in Wapiti (Cervus elaphus)Use of Zuclopenthixol
Matt R. Read, DVM

Validation and Use of a Multiple-Antigen ELISA for Detection of Tuberculosis Infection in Elephants Tuberculosis in Elephants
R. Scott Larsen, DVM, MS

Variation in Serum Ferritin, Serum Iron, Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) and Percent Transferrin Saturation in Northern Fur Seals: A Retrospective Study Variation in Ferritin, Iron
Lisa M. Mazzaro, MS, PhD

Variations in Blubber Thickness of Individual Dolphins and Between Species Blubber Thickness
Cecile Gaspar, DVM

Vertebral Osteomyelitis In A Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus): A Novel Treatment Using Sustained Release, Antibiotic Impregnated, Biodegradable Microspheres Vertebral Osteomyelitis
Caroline E.C. Goertz

Veterinary Outreach: Coordinating Technology Transfer and Professional Training Programs in Latin America Veterinary Outreach
Roberto F. Aguilar, DVM

Viral Papilloma and Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Snow Leopards (Uncia uncia)Viral Papilloma
Janis Ott Joslin, DVM

What's New in Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Research in Marine Mammals?Erysipelothrix Research
Rhonda A. Patterson, BS, PhD

Wildlife Health in Latin America: Conservation Goals Wildlife Health
Marcela M. Uhart, Med Vet

Zoo And Aquarium Design: Playing The "What If" Game Zoo & Aquarium Design
Lee G. Simmons

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