Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity of Cannadrops™ Coconut, A Commercially Available CBD Oil Formulation In Laboratory Dogs
Introduction
The deregulation of industrial hemp derived cannabidiol (CBD) in the United States has increased the availability of direct to consumer veterinary CBD products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and adverse event profile of a commercially available CBD product (CannaDrops™ Coconut, Healthy Hemp Pet Company, Salt Lake City, UT, USA) in healthy laboratory dogs.
Methods
Three purpose-bred laboratory dogs were used in this study. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using blood samples collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hours following an oral dose of 2 mg kg-1. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined following dose escalation from 2 to 12 mg kg-1 PO q 12 hrs.
Results
The mean tmax was 2.3±0.47 h, mean t1/2 was 2.4±0.20 h, and mean Cmax was 143.2±88.9 ng ml-1. The dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was VCOG-CTCAEv1.1 grade 3 diarrhea. The MTD was 10 mg kg-1 PO q12 hours. Diarrhea resolved in all three dogs with supportive care. ALP was elevated from baseline in all three dogs and returned to normal after CBD was withdrawn. Following chronic MTD dosing (10 mg kg-1 PO q 12 hrs), the mean plasma concentration at 2 hours post dose was 1061.1±267.2 and 159.4±104.1 ng ml-1 for CBD and 7-OH-CBD, respectively.
Conclusion
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of detection of 7-OH-CBD, a purported active CBD metabolite, in the dog. This formulation of CBD was well tolerated up to the MTD and further investigation of its activity in pet dogs with cancer is warranted.
Funding Information
Salary support for Dr. Fulkerson was provided as part of funding by Healthy Hemp Pet Company. However, this company did not have any input on study design or approval of the abstract/manuscript.