An eight-year-old, mongrel cat was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the University Vila Velha with main complaints of abdominal pain, hematuria, apathy, and previous history of chronic kidney disease five months before. Complementary exams were performed (blood count, serum chemistry, and abdominal ultrasonography), which suggested renal and electrolyte disorders, and bilateral nephrolithiasis without dilatation of the renal pelvis and ureters, being the patient was referred to surgery. The chosen anesthetic protocol was with the association of low-dose acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg) and morphine (0.3 mg/kg) as pre-anesthetic medication, 4.0 mg/kg of propofol for induction, and for maintenance the animal was kept in a non-rebreathing circuit with isoflurane. Trans-anesthetic analgesia was performed with a fentanyl bolus at a dose of 2.5 µg/kg. Pre-retro-umbilical celiotomy was performed and, after locating the left kidney, a vascular clamp was used to temporarily stop renal artery and vein blood flow. A penetrating incision of approximately 1.0 cm was made on the convex edge and with the aid of an anatomical clamp the calculus was withdrawn, and a flush with saline solution was performed through the incision. Suture was performed using two Wolf stitches on the renal capsule with absorbable material (polyglactin-910, 3-0) followed by omentalization of the referred region and raffia of the abdominal cavity. Right nephrostomy performance will be held after the patient's full recovery. It's concluded that to avoid serious renal damage, caused by calculus migration with possible obstruction, nephrostomy performance for calculus removal is important for the animal's prognosis.